Tabbing in Widget Applications

Microsoft Windows and UNIX platforms support using the Tab key to navigate between IDL widgets (except draw widgets, label widgets and property sheet widgets on Windows). Under Windows, the TAB_MODE keyword determines how IDL widgets are affected by tabbing in an application. Under UNIX, the Motif library controls what widgets can receive and lose focus through tabbing. The TAB_MODE keyword is ignored when running a widget application on the UNIX platform.

Note: It is not possible to tab to disabled (SENSITIVE=0) or hidden (MAP=0) widgets.

The following table highlights other differences in tabbing functionality between the two platforms.

Widget	Description
WIDGET_BUTTON (Grouped, exclusive button widgets, also known as radio buttons)	On Windows: Radio buttons can receive and lose focus through tabbing as long as there is a selected button within the group. Use the arrow keys to change the selection within the group. On UNIX: The Motif library controls tabbing functionality.
WIDGET_BUTTON (Grouped, non-exclusive button widgets also known as check boxes)	On Windows: Toggle buttons (or check boxes) can individually receive and lose focus through tabbing. Use the Space key to select or deselect a check box. On UNIX: The Motif library controls tabbing functionality.
WIDGET_DROPLIST	On Windows: Droplist widgets can receive and lose focus through tabbing. On UNIX: The Motif library controls tabbing functionality.
WIDGET_TABLE	On Windows: Table widgets can receive and lose focus through tabbing, but the focus is not clearly depicted. On UNIX: The Motif library controls tabbing functionality.
WIDGET_TEXT	On Windows: Text widgets can receive and lose focus through tabbing. When a text widget can lose focus via tabbing, keypress events are not generated for the Tab key and tab characters are not inserted into the text field. On UNIX: Tabbing behavior is controlled by the Motif library, and may vary from platform to platform. For single-line text widgets, the value of the TAB_MODE keyword is ignored, keypress events are not generated for the Tab key, and tab characters are not inserted into the text field. For multi-line text widgets, the behavior is the same as under Windows.
WIDGET_TREE	On Windows: Tree widgets can receive and lose focus through tabbing. Use the arrow keys to select higher or lower level nodes. On UNIX: The Motif library controls tabbing functionality.

WIDGET_LABEL, WIDGET_PROPERTYSHEET, WIDGET_DRAW, and menu-related widgets do not support receiving or losing focus through tabbing. See the TAB_MODE keyword for each widget for special behavior and navigation notes.

Defining Tabbing Behavior in a Windows Application

The TAB_MODE keyword provides control over tabbing behavior in a Windows application. This keyword controls navigation by specifying how a given widget should respond to the Tab key.

Allowable values are:

Value	Description
0	Disable navigation onto or off of the widget. This is the default unless the TAB_MODE has been set on a parent base. Child widgets automatically inherit the tab mode of the parent base as described in Inheriting the TAB_MODE Value.
1	Enable navigation onto and off of the widget.
2	Navigate only onto the widget.
3	Navigate only off of the widget.

Widgets including top level bases have a TAB_MODE value of zero by default.

In widget applications on the UNIX platform, the Motif library controls what widgets are brought into and released from focus using tabbing. The TAB_MODE keyword value is always zero, and any attempt to change it is ignored when running a widget application on the UNIX platform. Tabbing behavior may vary significantly between UNIX platforms; do not rely on a particular behavior being duplicated on all UNIX systems.

Many compound widgets also support the TAB_MODE keyword. See each CW_* widget for more information.

Navigation Among Widgets Using Tabbing

Navigation among widgets follows the widget hierarchy. Although it is not possible to specify a tab order, the widget tree hierarchy provides a natural progression among the widgets. Traversal is depth-first, meaning that once a widget receives focus through tabbing, additional tabbing will navigate through the interior nodes of the widget if possible before traversing to the next widget.

The TAB_MODE is either inherited from a parent base or explicitly set on a widget. However, to understand the effective range of a TAB_MODE setting, the TAB_MODE keyword value and the current focus must be considered.

Setting TAB_MODE on a top level base: This setting is inherited by all lower level bases and child widgets on which TAB_MODE is not explicitly set.
Setting TAB_MODE on an intermediate base: This setting is inherited by child widgets if TAB_MODE is not explicitly set on a widget. For example, if the top level base TAB_MODE=0, but the base associated with a group of buttons has a TAB_MODE=1, then when any of the buttons in the group is selected, tabbing will navigate among the buttons. If focus is anywhere other than on this base’s elements, tabbing is disabled.
Setting TAB_MODE on a widget: This setting affects tabbing capabilities only when the widget has focus. For example, if the parent base has a TAB_MODE=1 (enabling tabbing), but a slider widget has a TAB_MODE=3, then the slider cannot receive focus through tabbing, it can only lose focus.

Pressing the Tab key navigates down the widget hierarchy or to the right. Depressing Shift+Tab navigates up the widget hierarchy or to the left.

Specifying and Inheriting TAB_MODE

The TAB_MODE keyword is allowed in most widget creation routines with the exception of WIDGET_LABEL, WIDGET_PROPERTYSHEET, and WIDGET_DRAW. The TAB_MODE keyword also cannot be explicitly set for the following widgets:

Grouped, exclusive button widgets (radio buttons)
Menu items or menu bases

Attempting to set TAB_MODE on these widgets will generate an error.

Inheriting the TAB_MODE Value

Tabbing behavior is inherited from a WIDGET_BASE. When TAB_MODE is set on a base widget, child widgets inherit the setting when they are created. This provides a quick way of enabling or disabling tabbing for all widgets belonging to a base. This is especially useful for widgets that do not directly support the TAB_MODE keyword. For example, attempting to set TAB_MODE for exclusive, grouped button widgets (radio buttons) will generate an error. Setting the tab mode on the parent base passes the specified tabbing functionality along to all widget children on that base. In the following code, the base (base) is defined as one which can receive and lose focus through tabbing. The child widgets (b1, b2, and b3) inherit this setting and will receive and lose focus through tabbing as well.

See the following section for the complete, working example.

; Define a base for the radio buttons.

base = WIDGET_BASE(tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME, /EXCLUSIVE, TAB_MODE = 1)

b1 = widget_button( base, $

value = "MorphOpen" , UVALUE="Open")

b2 = widget_button( base, $

value = "MorphClose" , UVALUE="Close")

b3 = widget_button( base, $

value = "Dilate ", UVALUE="Dilate")

; Set button one as selected.

WIDGET_CONTROL, b1, /SET_BUTTON

Use WIDGET_CONTROL to make an initial selection within the group of radio buttons. This needs to be set before the group can receive focus through tabbing.

For a child widget to receive focus through tabbing, the parent base must have a value of TAB_MODE=1 (receive and lose focus) or TAB_MODE=2 (only receive focus). A parent base with a TAB_MODE=0 or TAB_MODE=3 insulates child widgets from receiving focus. Only when focus is on the child widget would the child’s individual TAB_MODE value be in effect.

Specifying TAB_MODE Values for Individual Widgets

The tab mode of the parent base is inherited by child widgets, but it is possible to control what widgets can receive or lose focus by specifying different TAB_MODE values on lower-level bases or individual widgets. For example, consider a top level base populated with a group of radio buttons, a group of check boxes, and a slider widget. The top level base has TAB_MODE=1, meaning that this base, and all widgets that inherit the setting from the base, will be able to receive and lose focus through tabbing. However, the TAB_MODE of the slider widget is explicitly set to 3 meaning that it can lose, but not receive focus. This excludes the widget from receiving focus when navigating the widget hierarchy. However, when focus is on a widget with a TAB_MODE keyword value of 3, and the Tab key is depressed, focus leaves the current widget and returns to the first widget that accepts focus through tabbing. The following simple example illustrates these concepts.

pro tabbing_example_event, event

; Return and print the uvalue of the widget with focus.

WIDGET_CONTROL, event.ID, GET_UVALUE = uvalue

PRINT, 'Event on: ', UVALUE

end

pro tabbing_example

; Create a top level base. Specify a tab mode that allows child

; widgets to receive and lose focus (TAB_MODE=1).

tlb = WIDGET_BASE(/COLUMN, TITLE = "Tabbing Example", $

XPAD=0, YPAD=10, XOFFSET=25, YOFFSET=25, TAB_MODE=1)

; Create a base with radio buttons that inherits the ability

; to receive and lose focus through tabbing from parent tlb. This

; setting is also inherited by widget children of rbase.

rbase = WIDGET_BASE(tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME, /EXCLUSIVE)

rb1 = WIDGET_BUTTON(rbase, VALUE = "MorphOpen", UVALUE = "Open")

rb2 = WIDGET_BUTTON(rbase, VALUE = "MorphClose", UVALUE = "Close")

rb3 = WIDGET_BUTTON(rbase, VALUE = "Dilate", UVALUE = "Dilate")

; Mark the first button as selected to enable tabbing to the

; group of radio buttons.

WIDGET_CONTROL, rb1, /SET_BUTTON

; Create a base with check boxes that inherits the ability to

; receive and lose focus through tabbing from tlb. This setting

; is also inherited by widget children of cbase.

cbase = WIDGET_BASE(tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME, /NONEXCLUSIVE)

b1 = WIDGET_BUTTON(cbase, $

VALUE = "Structuring Element: 3x3", UVALUE = "se3x3")

b2 = WIDGET_BUTTON(cbase, $

VALUE = "Structuring Element: 5x5", UVALUE = "se5x5")

; Create a slider widget. Set the tab mode so that it can

; lose focus, but not receive focus through tabbing.

slider = WIDGET_SLIDER(tlb, UVALUE = 'slider', TAB_MODE=3)

; Draw the widgets and activate events.

WIDGET_CONTROL, tlb, /REALIZE

XMANAGER, 'tabbing_example', tlb, /NO_BLOCK

end

Save and run the above code. This results in a group of widgets similar to the following figure.

Select a radio button or check box and then depress the Tab key to navigate between these widgets. With the mouse select and move the slider. Press the Tab key and the focus shifts to the group of radio buttons.

On Windows, use the arrow keys to navigate among the radio button options. Tab to the check boxes. Depress the Space key to select or deselect a check box. Use the Tab key to navigate through the check box options. Once the slider has focus, the arrow keys, Page Up and Page Down keys can be used to move the slider marker.

On UNIX, the TAB_MODE keyword is ignored. The arrow keys can be used to navigate between radio buttons, check boxes, and move the slider marker.

Modifying and Accessing the TAB_MODE Keyword

The TAB_MODE keyword value can be changed using WIDGET_CONTROL and queried using WIDGET_INFO. A change made to TAB_MODE using WIDGET_CONTROL affects only the widget for which the change is explicitly made. If changed on a widget base, the change is not propagated to the child widgets that have already been created. Use WIDGET_CONTROL to change the TAB_MODE value of any widget that supports the TAB_MODE keyword.

For example, if the TAB_MODE keyword value of the top level base is changed from 1 to 0 after child widgets have been created, tabbing will still be enabled for any applicable child bases or widgets when they have focus.

WIDGET_CONTROL, tlb, TAB_MODE=0

Use WIDGET_INFO to return any widget’s TAB_MODE keyword value. For example, the following returns the keyword value of a slider widget, slider.

; Query the tabbing capabilities of a slider widget.

vtabmode = WIDGET_INFO(slider, /TAB_MODE)

print, vtabmode

Assigning Accelerators in Widget Applications

Keyboard accelerators allow the user to activate button widget events using keyboard key combinations instead of the mouse. On Windows platforms, accelerators can be defined for menu items and various types of WIDGET_BUTTON. Note, however, that:

UNIX and Mac platforms support only menu item accelerators
context menu items do not support accelerators on any platform

Ordinarily, accelerators are processed before keyboard events reach a widget. This can cause button accelerators to steal keyboard events from widgets that have focus. If you find that this is an issue, see Disabling Button Widget Accelerators.

Successfully Implementing Keyboard Accelerators

The following tips should be kept in mind when adding accelerators to button widgets:

Additional work is required to enable accelerators using the Alt key to work on Mac. To get the Apple (command) key to function as the Alt key, see Enabling Alt Key Accelerators on Mac.
When an accelerator is implemented, it intercepts keyboard events before they are passed to the widgets. Widgets will never see keyboard events that are mapped to accelerators unless the accelerator is disabled as described in Disabling Button Widget Accelerators. For example, if Ctrl+C is mapped to a button that creates a contour plot, the key combination will no longer perform the copy function.
Under Sun operating systems, the Delete key will not function as an accelerator if a widget has keyboard focus.
Be mindful of the inherent operating system keyboard combinations when choosing your accelerators. For example, avoid a Ctrl+Alt+Del accelerator for an application run on the Windows platform.
To support the greatest cross-platform portability, consider avoiding mapping function keys F9 to F12 for the following reasons:
Sun operating systems have the F11 and F12 keys mapped to SunF36 and SunF37. Attempting to reassign them can be problematic.
macOS 10.3 with Expose uses F9, F10, F11. Additionally, Insert and Alt may be unavailable.

Enabling Alt Key Accelerators on Mac

Two steps are required to enable accelerators that use the Alt key to work with the Mac Apple key (also known as the Command key):

Create a .Xmodmap file in your home folder and add the following three lines to it:

clear mod1

clear mod2

add mod1 = Meta_L

When Apple’s X11 program starts, this file will automatically be read, and the Apple key will be mapped to the left meta key , which for IDL’s purposes is the Alt key. (Windows Alt key accelerators are mapped to the Mac Apple key, not the Option (alt) key.)
Run Apple’s X11 program and change its preferences. Under Input in the X11 Preferences dialog, make sure that the following two items are unchecked:

Follow system keyboard layout
Enable key equivalents under X11

Note: You must relaunch Apple’s X11 program for these changes to take effect.

Performing these two steps will also have the benefit of making the IDL Workbench’s keyboard shortcuts operate in the normal Mac fashion. Namely, pressing the Apple ( key) in conjunction with X, C, and V will perform cut, copy and paste. The IDL Workbench’s other shortcuts will also work. If you distribute your application to other Mac users, they too will need to have an appropriate .Xmodmap and correct X11 Preferences dialog settings in order for Alt key accelerators to work.

Specifying WIDGET_BUTTON Accelerators

The ACCELERATOR keyword assigns a key combination that activates a menu item or button event. The value of the keyword is a case-insensitive string that specifies zero or more modifier keys (Ctrl, Shift, or Alt) and one other key. (Mac users must take special steps to enable Alt key accelerators. See Enabling Alt Key Accelerators on Mac for details.) If there is more than one item in the string, a “+” must separate them. For example:

base = WIDGET_BASE( tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME )

bRun = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, VALUE = "Run", ACCELERATOR = "F5" )

bPause = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, VALUE = "Pause", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+F5" )

bResume = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, VALUE = "Resume", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+Shift+F5" )

Note: Accelerators can be defined for menu items and other types of WIDGET_BUTTON on Windows. However, UNIX supports only menu item accelerators. Context menu items do not support accelerators on any platform.

The valid combinations are:

Accelerator Keys	Description
Ctrl, Shift, or Alt plus an alphanumeric key	A modifier key plus any alphabetic character, A-Z (which is case-insensitive), or a number, 0-9, creates a valid accelerator.
Ctrl, Shift, or Alt plus a number pad key	A modifier key plus any key on the number pad can be used as an accelerator The NumLock key must be activated for any accelerator using number pad keys to function properly. Note: On Windows only, a keyboard accelerator using the Shift key and a number key on the number pad will not work.
Ctrl, Shift, or Alt plus the BackSpace, Tab or Space key	These miscellaneous keys need a modifier key in the accelerator definition.
Navigation keys (Home, End, PageUp, PageDown, Up, Down, Left, Right)	The navigation keys do not require a modifier in the accelerator definition. Prior and PageUp are equivalent as are Next and PageDown. Up, Down, Left, and Right map to the arrow keys.
Function keys (F1 to F12)	Function keys do not need a modifier key in the accelerator definition. However, not all platforms support using all function keys as accelerators. See Successfully Implementing Keyboard Accelerators for details.
Return, Escape, Insert, Del keys	These miscellaneous keys do not need a modifier key in the accelerator definition. You must specify Return in the accelerator definition to indicate the Enter key on Windows. You must specify Del in the accelerator definition to indicate the Delete key.

When an accelerator is defined for a menu item, the ACCELERATOR keyword string is automatically displayed next to the menu item value. The ACCELERATOR keyword string is not included with a button value. Therefore, the VALUE keyword of a WIDGET_BUTTON that is not a menu item should also indicate the accelerator keyboard shortcut so that the user is aware of the option.

The following simple example creates a variety of WIDGET_BUTTON types with accelerators.

; AcceleratorExample.pro

; Example of using keyboard accelerators.

pro acceleratorexample_event, event

WIDGET_CONTROL, event.ID, GET_UVALUE = uvalue

PRINT, 'Event on: ', uvalue

IF ( uvalue EQ 'Quit' ) THEN BEGIN

WIDGET_CONTROL, event.TOP, /DESTROY

END

end

pro AcceleratorExample

tlb = WIDGET_BASE( /ROW, $

MBAR = mbar, TITLE = "Accelerator Example", $

XPAD = 10, YPAD = 10, XOFFSET = 25, YOFFSET = 25 )

; Create a menu with accelerators. The accelerator string is

; automatically displayed along with the menu item text.

file = WIDGET_BUTTON( mbar, /MENU, $

VALUE = "File" )

one = WIDGET_BUTTON( file, $

VALUE = "One", UVALUE = "One", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+1" )

two = WIDGET_BUTTON( file, $

VALUE = "Two", UVALUE = "Two", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+2" )

three = WIDGET_BUTTON( file, $

VALUE = "Three", UVALUE = "Three", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+3" )

quit = WIDGET_BUTTON( file, $

VALUE = "Quit", UVALUE = "Quit", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+Q" )

; Create a base with push buttons. Include the accelerator

; text in the button value so users are aware of it.

base = WIDGET_BASE( tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME )

b1 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, $

VALUE = "Affirmative (Ctrl+Y)", UVALUE = "Yes", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+Y" )

b2 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, $

VALUE = "Negative (Ctrl+N)", UVALUE = "No", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+N" )

; Create a base with radio buttons.

base = WIDGET_BASE( tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME, /EXCLUSIVE )

b1 = widget_button( base, $

VALUE = "Owl (Ctrl+O)", UVALUE = "Owl", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+O" )

b2 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, $

VALUE = "Emu (Shift+E)", UVALUE = "Emu", $

ACCELERATOR = "Shift+E" )

b3 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, $

VALUE = "Bat (Alt+B)", UVALUE = "Bat", $

ACCELERATOR = "Alt+B" )

; Create a base with check boxes.

base = WIDGET_BASE( tlb, /COLUMN, /FRAME, /NONEXCLUSIVE )

b1 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, $

VALUE = "Hello (F3)", UVALUE = "Hello", $

ACCELERATOR = "F3" )

b2 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base, $

VALUE = "Goodbye (F4)", UVALUE = "Goodbye", $

ACCELERATOR = "F4" )

; Create the widgets and accept events.

WIDGET_CONTROL, tlb, /REALIZE

XMANAGER, 'acceleratorexample', tlb, /NO_BLOCK

IF !VERSION.OS_FAMILY NE 'Windows' THEN BEGIN

text = ['Accelerators on non-menu items are not supported', $

'on this platform.', ' ', $

'Accelerators on menu items work on all platforms.']

void = DIALOG_MESSAGE(text, /INFO)

ENDIF

end

Save and run the example. The Output Log window reports which button has been activated using the accelerator.

Note: Menu item accelerators are only operational when the menu is closed.

Disabling Button Widget Accelerators

Keyboard events are intercepted by the accelerators before they are passed along to widgets. This means that a widget will never see a keyboard event that maps to an accelerator. This can be resolved using one of the following methods:

Use the IGNORE_ACCELERATORS keyword on those widgets that you want to receive keyboard input regardless of defined accelerators. This is the recommended method. See Using IGNORE_ACCELERATORS for details.
Disable the accelerated item by programmatically desensitizing the item when the widget that you want to receive events gains focus, and resensitize the item when the widget loses focus. This allows the keystrokes that would ordinarily map to the accelerator to reach the desired widget when it has focus.

Using IGNORE_ACCELERATORS

The IGNORE_ACCELERATORS keyword is available on the following widgets:

WIDGET_COMBOBOX
WIDGET_DRAW
WIDGET_PROPERTYSHEET
WIDGET_TABLE
WIDGET_TEXT

For each widget with a text area, accelerator overrides are active only when focus is on an editable text portion. (Accelerator overrides for draw widgets are active when the drawing area has focus.) For example, when the focus is on a table cell that cannot be edited, accelerators are still enabled.

Note: Depending on system hardware, the number of widgets that have accelerators, and the number of accelerators ignored, you may notice a slight performance penalty.

Set the IGNORE_ACCELERATORS equal to the text string of a single accelerator, an array containing multiple accelerator strings, or 1 (to ignore all accelerators).

Managing Accelerators Example

The following example shows various ways accelerators can be managed. This example creates several menu items with accelerators. Three text boxes either allow all accelerators, some accelerators or no accelerators to receive keyboard events. Additionally you can select a checkbox to desensitize the Delete menu item. When the menu item is desensitized, the accelerator never receives keyboard events.

PRO manage_accel, event

END

PRO quit_event, event

WIDGET_CONTROL, event.top, /DESTROY

END

PRO menu_event, event

PRINT, WIDGET_INFO( event.id, /UNAME )

END

PRO menu_sense_event, event

deleteItem = WIDGET_INFO( event.top, FIND_BY_UNAME ="MenuDel" )

WIDGET_CONTROL, deleteItem, SENSITIVE = event.select

END

pro manage_accel

; Create the top level base.

tlb = WIDGET_BASE( /COLUMN, MBAR = mbar, XSIZE = 250, /TAB_MODE)

; Build the menu bar.

edit= WIDGET_BUTTON( mbar, /MENU, VALUE = "Edit" )

menuDel = WIDGET_BUTTON( edit, VALUE = "Delete", $

UNAME = "MenuDel", ACCELERATOR = "Del", $

EVENT_PRO = "menu_event" )

menuCut = WIDGET_BUTTON( edit, VALUE = "Cut", $

UNAME = "MenuCut", ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+X", $

EVENT_PRO = "menu_event" )

menuCopy = WIDGET_BUTTON( edit, VALUE = "Copy", $

UNAME = "MenuCopy", ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+C", $

EVENT_PRO = "menu_event" )

menuPaste = WIDGET_BUTTON( edit, VALUE = "Paste", $

UNAME = "MenuPaste", ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+V", $

EVENT_PRO = "menu_event" )

menuUndo = WIDGET_BUTTON( edit, VALUE = "Undo", $

UNAME = "MenuUndo", ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+Z",$

EVENT_PRO = "menu_event" )

quit = WIDGET_BUTTON( edit, VALUE = "Quit", $

ACCELERATOR = "Ctrl+Q", EVENT_PRO = "quit_event" )

; Add text boxes with various levels of disabled accelerators.

text1 = WIDGET_TEXT( tlb, /EDITABLE, $

VALUE = "Doesn't use IGNORE_ACCELERATORS." )

text2 = WIDGET_TEXT( tlb, /EDITABLE, $

VALUE = "Receives Delete key and Ctrl+C combinations.", $

IGNORE_ACCELERATORS = [ "Del", "Ctrl+C" ] )

text3 = WIDGET_TEXT( tlb, /EDITABLE, $

VALUE = "Receives all accelerator key combinations.", $

IGNORE_ACCELERATORS = 1)

; Add a check box to desensitize the Delete menu item.

base2 = WIDGET_BASE( tlb, /FRAME, /NONEXCLUSIVE )

check1 = WIDGET_BUTTON( base2, VALUE = "Menu DEL sensitive", $

EVENT_PRO = "menu_sense_event" )

WIDGET_CONTROL, check1, SET_BUTTON = WIDGET_INFO ( menuDel, $

/SENSITIVE )

; Draw the widget.

WIDGET_CONTROL, tlb, /REALIZE

XMANAGER, "manage_accel", tlb, /NO_BLOCK

END

Compile and run the example. Try highlighting and deleting, or copying and pasting text in each textbox using accelerators defined in the Edit menu. All keyboard events are ineffective (stolen by the accelerators) when the first textbox has focus. The second textbox receives only copy and delete keyboard combinations. The third textbox receives all accelerators. When the delete menu item is desensitized, the Delete key can delete text from all textboxes. The IDL Output Log window prints the name of any menu item that is activated using an accelerator.